Rwanda - In Search of Chimpanzees
6/4/2011 | 26m 51sVideo has Closed Captions
Joseph turns his attention to Rwanda's other primate population.
Joseph continues his Rwanda adventure and turns his attention to the region’s other primate populations. Chimpanzee, Olive Baboons, Mona, Blue and Black and White Colobus Monkeys are just a few of the thirteen primate species that populate the Nyungwe National Park. In addition to the wildlife wonders, Joseph has encounters in the local Banda communities and meets the reclusive Batwa people.
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Joseph Rosendo’s Travelscope is presented by your local public television station.
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Rwanda - In Search of Chimpanzees
6/4/2011 | 26m 51sVideo has Closed Captions
Joseph continues his Rwanda adventure and turns his attention to the region’s other primate populations. Chimpanzee, Olive Baboons, Mona, Blue and Black and White Colobus Monkeys are just a few of the thirteen primate species that populate the Nyungwe National Park. In addition to the wildlife wonders, Joseph has encounters in the local Banda communities and meets the reclusive Batwa people.
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Learn Moreabout PBS online sponsorship>> WELCOME TO "TRAVELSCOPE" WITH JOSEPH ROSENDO, WHERE EACH WEEK YOU JOIN US AS WE ACCEPT THE WORLD'S INVITATION TO VISIT.
>> WAHOO!
TODAY ON "TRAVELSCOPE," I CONTINUE MY RWANDA, AFRICA, ADVENTURE WHEN I TAKE IN THE LOCAL CULTURE AND TREK THROUGH THE FOREST IN SEARCH OF WILD CHIMPANZEES.
>> "TRAVELSCOPE" IS MADE POSSIBLE BY DK "EYEWITNESS" TRAVEL GUIDES.
DK CITY, COUNTRY, AND DRIVING GUIDES FEATURE EVOCATIVE PHOTOS, 3-D MAPPING, AND ILLUSTRATIONS FOR KEY SITES AND TRAVEL ITINERARIES.
DK "EYEWITNESS" TRAVEL GUIDES, THE GUIDES THAT SHOW YOU WHAT OTHERS ONLY TELL YOU.
AND ROSETTA STONE, CHANGING THE WAY THE WORLD LEARNS LANGUAGES.
[CAPTIONING MADE POSSIBLE BY FRIENDS OF NCI] >> EVEN THOUGH RWANDA IS ONE OF THE MOST DENSELY POPULATED COUNTRIES IN AFRICA, IT IS ESTIMATED THAT 15% OF THE COUNTRY IS PROTECTED, MORE THAN HALF IN 3 NATIONAL PARKS.
IN THE NORTHWEST, VOLCANOES NATIONAL PARK IS WHERE THE MOUNTAIN GORILLAS LIVE.
IN THE EAST, AKAGERA BOASTS SOME OF AFRICA'S MOST DIVERSE SCENERY, WHILE IN SOUTHERN RWANDA NYUNGWE FOREST NATIONAL PARK, CREATED IN 2004 AND THE MOST REMOTE OF THE 3, IS WHERE THE WILD CHIMPANZEES ROAM.
NYUNGWE IS NOTED FOR MORE THAN ITS 13 SPECIES OF PRIMATES.
IN APPROXIMATELY 378 SQUARE MILES, IT HAS 300 SPECIES OF BIRDS, 200 KINDS OF TREES, 100 VARIETIES OF ORCHIDS, AND THE REPUTED SOURCE OF THE RIVER NILE.
THE PRIMARY THREAT TO RWANDA'S WILDLIFE CONTINUES TO BE HUMANS.
WITH CLOSE TO 10 MILLION PEOPLE LIVING IN A COUNTRY THE SIZE OF VERMONT, THE MAJORITY OF THEM SUBSISTENCE FARMERS, MAN AND BEAST DO NOT ALWAYS PEACEFULLY CO-EXIST.
THEIR CLOSE PROXIMITY IS EVIDENT DURING MY ENCOUNTER WITH ONE OF NYUNGWE'S 13 PRIMATES, A TROOP OF SEMI-HABITUATED COLOBUS MONKEYS.
WE ARE IN A TEA PLANTATION RIGHT NEXT TO A RELIC FOREST, WHAT'S LEFT OF THE ORIGINAL FOREST THAT WAS HERE, POPULATED BY WANT KIND OF MONKEYS?
>> THESE ARE ANGOLAN BLACK-AND-WHITE COLOBUS.
>> OK. AND THEY'RE HABITUATED TOWARDS SO PEOPLE, SO YOU CAN GET PRETTY CLOSE TO THEM.
>> YEAH.
THIS IS ONE OF THE SPECIES WHICH IS HABITUATED FOR TOURISM.
>> FABULOUS.
NOW WHAT ABOUT THE TEA PLANTATION?
WHAT IS THE ADVANTAGE OR DISADVANTAGE OF HAVING IT SO CLOSE TO THE FOREST?
>> WHAT WE WANTED IS TO SEPARATE THE FORESTS TO THE VILLAGE.
>> SO THIS IS ACTUALLY A BUFFER BETWEEN THE MONKEYS AND THE VILLAGE.
DO THE MONKEYS NOT LIKE TEA?
>> ALL SPECIES OF MONKEYS THAT WE HAVE HERE IN THE FOREST DO NOT EAT TEA.
>> SO THAT'S LUCKY.
>> YEAH.
WE ARE LUCKY, THE MONKEYS ARE LUCKY, AND THE VILLAGERS, TOO, ARE LUCKY.
[CHATTERING] AT THE TOP, HUH?
[GROWL] >> WOW!
>> YEAH.
MAYBE AN EAGLE.
>> THAT'S A WARNING?
>> YEAH, IT'S A WARNING AGAINST AN EAGLE FLYING AROUND.
CROWNED EAGLES ARE ONE OF THE PREDATORS OF THESE ANGOLAN BLACK-AND-WHITE COLOBUS MONKEYS.
>> HMM.
THIS IS THE RED TAIL?
>> NO, NO.
THE MONA MONKEY.
>> MONA MONKEY.
>> HE'S THE CHIEF OF THE GROUP.
>> HE'S RUNNING THE GROUP?
>> YES, RUNNING THE GROUP, EVEN IF HE'S DIFFERENT FROM THEM.
>> HA HA HA!
BEAUTIFUL.
>> MM-HMM.
IT'S RIDICULOUS HOW CLOSE THIS IS TO THE LODGE AND THE SMALLEST VILLAGE.
I MEAN, IT'S WONDERFUL.
WE DON'T HAVE TO GO VERY FAR, AND WE HAVE THIS FABULOUS VIEWING EXPERIENCE RIGHT HERE IN THE NATIONAL PARK.
ALTHOUGH MONKEYS MAY NOT LIKE TEA, ENOUGH PEOPLE DO THAT IT IS RWANDA'S LARGEST EXPORT.
BY 2012, TEA IS ESTIMATED TO BRING $90 MILLION INTO THE COUNTRY'S COFFERS, AND THANKS TO ITS YEAR-ROUND PRODUCTION, TEA OFFERS A STEADY LIVELIHOOD TO THOUSANDS OF RWANDANS.
WE'VE BEEN AT TEA PLANTATIONS IN MANY PARTS OF THE WORLD AND STOOD AMONG THE TEA PLANTS, AND HERE WE ARE IN AFRICA, RWANDA, AND IS THAT A BIG CROP HERE IN RWANDA?
>> IT'S QUITE BIG, AND IT'S SUSTAINING A NUMBER OF PEOPLE.
>> WHEN DID THEY START PRODUCING TEA HERE IN RWANDA?
DO YOU KNOW?
>> IN SIXTIES, EARLY SIXTIES.
>> OH.
SO ONLY, LIKE, 40 YEARS OR SO.
>> YEAH.
>> LET'S FOLLOW HER A LITTLE BIT IF WE CAN CATCH UP HERE.
I WANT TO SEE HOW SHE'S PICKING THE TEA LEAVES.
WHICH LEAVES SHOULD WE PICK?
>> TWO LEAVES AND THE BUD IS REQUIRED FOR THE QUALITY.
>> JUST LIKE THIS?
>> THAT IS ONE LEAF AND THE BUD.
>> OH.
THAT'S NOT CORRECT.
LET ME TRY IT AGAIN.
>> TWO LEAVES AND THE BUD IS THIS WAY.
>> TWO LEAVES AND THE BUD?
>> YEAH.
THAT'S RIGHT.
>> THERE YOU GO.
OK. >> THE MAIN TWO LEAVES AND THE BUD MAKES THE BEST QUALITY OF TEA, WHICH IS REQUIRED.
>> HOW LONG WILL IT TAKE YOU TO DO A PATCH LIKE THIS FOR INSTANCE?
>> THIS BLOCK, THERE ARE SUPPOSED TO BE 40 PEOPLE.
THEY COVER IT IN ONE WEEK.
THEY WILL FINISH IT.
>> ONE WEEK?
>> YES.
>> YOU DO ANY PICKING BY MACHINE HERE?
>> NO, NOT AT THE MOMENT.
WE ARE USING HAND-PLUCKING.
>> IS THERE AN ADVANTAGE TO HAND-PICKING AS OPPOSED TO HAVING A MACHINE PICKING?
>> YEAH, HAND-PLUCKING'S THE BEST.
IT GIVES THE BEST QUALITY OF TEA.
>> AHA.
>> BUT WHEN YOU PUT IN A MACHINE, YOU'RE BOUND TO PICK ANYTHING.
>> THAT'S FOR A LOWER QUALITY TEA.
HOW MUCH TEA CAN SHE PICK IN A DAY?
>> IN A GOOD SEASON LIKE THIS ONE NOW, SHE'D BE ABLE TO MAKE 45-65 KILOS A DAY.
>> 65 KILOS PER DAY.
>> YES, YES.
>> WOW.
THAT'S ABOUT 130 POUNDS OF TEA, AND SHE GETS PAID BY THE AMOUNT OF KILOS THAT SHE PRODUCES?
HOW MUCH?
>> 21 FRANCS PER KILO.
>> 21 FRANCS PER KILO, SO THAT'S ABOUT 1,200 FRANCS, ABOUT $2.00 PER DAY.
>> THE PEOPLE AROUND THIS ARE DEPENDENT ON THIS TEA HERE, AND THAT'S HOW THEY MAKE THE BIGGEST EARNINGS IN THEIR LIFE.
>> SO IT'S AN IMPORTANT PRODUCT HERE IN RWANDA FOR MANY REASONS.
>> YEAH, YEAH, EXACTLY.
>> MURAKOZI.
FROM TAIWAN TO THAILAND, I'VE LEARNED THAT WHILE A GOOD CUP OF TEA IS BORN IN THE FIELDS IT'S CREATED IN THE PROCESSING PLANT, WHERE NATURE'S GIFT AND MAN'S CRAFT COME TOGETHER.
COMING RIGHT OUT OF THE FIELDS AND RIGHT INTO THE FACTORY.
>> YEAH.
>> AND FROM HERE WHERE DO WE GO TO?
>> WE GO TO WITHER IT.
>> TO WITHER IT.
>> YEAH.
>> SO THIS IS INFUSED WITH STEAM AND AIR.
>> 30% OF WATER MUST BE REDUCED HERE.
>> WHAT'S THE NEXT PROCESS?
>> NEXT PROCESS IS THE CTC.
>> IN RWANDA, CTC, OR CUTTING, TEARING, AND CURLING, IS THE FAVORITE PROCESS FOR MASS PRODUCTION OF TEA.
DURING ONE STEP, ROLLERS DECKED OUT WITH ROWS OF SHARP TEETH MACERATE THE CRUSHED TEA LEAVES INTO SMALL PELLETS.
>> HERE IS OUR FIRST CUT.
>> FIRST CUT.
>> YEAH.
IT'S NOT TOO FINE.
>> NOT FINE.
>> YEAH.
THIS IS THE LAST CUT, WHICH IS BETTER THAN THIS ONE.
>> AND THAT GOES ON.
>> FERMENTATION.
>> LET'S GO TO FERMENTATION.
A KEY STAGE IN TEA PRODUCTION IS FERMENTATION, WHICH CONSISTS OF LETTING THE TEA GRANULES OXIDIZE SO THAT THROUGH THEIR EXPOSURE TO AIR THEY ACQUIRE THE DARK COLOR AND FULL-BODIED FLAVOR FOR WHICH RWANDAN TEA IS KNOWN.
CAN I HELP?
OUT OF THE FERMENTATION BINS INTO THE DRYER, WHERE ALL BUT 3% OF THE MOISTURE CONTENT OF THE TEA IS EXTRACTED.
THE JOURNEY TO OUR CUPS CONTINUES AS THE DRIED TEA IS SORTED INTO SECONDARY AND PRIMARY GRADES, ULTIMATELY TO BE TRANSFORMED INTO THE WORLD'S FAVORITE DRINK, SURPASSED ONLY BY WATER.
DID YOU EVER THINK THAT SO MUCH WENT INTO A CUP OF TEA?
MURAKOZI.
>> THANK YOU.
>> A TEA PLANTATION ALSO SURROUNDS THE 5-STAR NYUNGWE FOREST LODGE.
IN SUCH A REMOTE SETTING, IT'S SURPRISING TO FIND SUCH LUXURY.
24 TWIN- AND KING-BEDDED ROOMS, POOL, WELLNESS RETREAT, RESTAURANT, AND SINCE THE ACCOMMODATIONS FACE ONE OF AFRICA'S LARGEST PROTECTED MOUNTAIN RAIN FORESTS, MONKEYS ARE PRACTICALLY HANGING OFF YOUR BALCONY, AND WHERE BETTER TO WEATHER THE AFTERNOON RAINS THAN IN THE LODGE'S TEA LOUNGE AND BAR?
WELL, THE FOREST.
>> TASTING GOOD, HUH?
>> IT IS TASTING GOOD.
THANK YOU FOR INTRODUCING ME TO RWANDAN TEA.
>> YOU'RE WELCOME, SIR.
>> MY FIRST TREK IN SEARCH OF NYUNGWE'S CHIMPANZEES BEGINS WITH MY EARLY-MORNING DEPARTURE FOR CYAMUNDONGO, A 3-MILE-SQUARE FOREST INCLUDED IN THE NATIONAL PARK THAT A SMALL GROUP OF SEMI-HABITUATED CHIMPS ARE SAID TO INHABIT.
THE FIRST WILDLIFE WE SEE IS NOT IN THE TREES BUT ON THE FOREST FLOOR, WHERE I DISCOVER WHY WEARING TOUGH SHOES AND STUFFING MY PANT LEGS INSIDE MY SOCKS WAS GOOD ADVICE.
WHEN WE TALK ABOUT INTERESTING CREATURES IN THE FOREST, THIS IS ONE OF THE MOST INTERESTING AND MOST DANGEROUS.
IT'S THE ARMY ANT OR SAFARI ANT.
>> THEY HAVE PINCERS.
LOOK AT THE ARMY ANTS HERE.
THEY OPEN LIKE THIS, AND THEY'RE READY TO BITE.
>> THEY LOOK VICIOUS.
>> THESE ANTS ARE EVEN MORE CARNIVOROUS THAN THE LIONS.
>> THEY'RE MORE CARNIVOROUS THAN A LION.
>> ANYTHING THEY MEAT, THEY EAT THEM.
>> SO IF YOU'RE IN THEIR PATH, YOU'RE NOT GONNA BE IN THEIR PATH FOR LONG.
>> YEAH.
THAT'S TRUE.
>> WOW!
THEY'RE MOVING THE WHOLE COLONY TO ANOTHER PLACE.
>> YEAH, THAT'S TRUE.
THE SMALL ONES AND THE BABIES AND THE LARVA, THEY CARRY THEM UP HERE, AND THE BIG ONES ARE PROTECTING THEM, AND CHIMPANZEES EAT THEM.
ACTUALLY THEY LOOK FOR A STICK, A STICK LIKE THIS, AND FISH LIKE THIS.
THOSE WILL COME ON THE STICK.
CHIMPANZEES WILL... >> OH!
HA HA!
>> EAT THEM.
THIS IS HOW THEY DO.
THIS IS WHAT THEY CALL TOOL USE IN THE CHIMPANZEE COMMUNITY.
>> YOU'VE GOT THEM ANGRY, SO I THINK IT'S TIME FOR US TO LEAVE.
>> OK. [CHIMPANZEES SCREECHING] >> ALTHOUGH WE CAN HEAR THE CHIMPANZEES, WE CAN'T SEE THEM.
WE MAKE OUR WAY OVER HILLS, DOWN SLOPES, AND THROUGH THE BUSH, TRYING TO CATCH UP WITH THEM.
WHILE THE MOUNTAIN GORILLAS OF VOLCANOES NATIONAL PARK HAVE BEEN HABITUATED TO PEOPLE, THE CHIMPANZEES OF NYUNGWE FOREST NATIONAL PARK ARE ONLY CASUALLY ACQUAINTED WITH HUMANS.
LOCATING THEM IS ALWAYS A SOMETIME THING, YET EVEN IF THE CHIMPS REMAIN ELUSIVE, THE NATIONAL PARK OFFERS OTHER SITES TO BEHOLD.
IT'S HOT AND HUMID HERE IN THE RAIN FOREST, BUT THAT'S WHERE YOU WANT TO GO IF YOU'RE LOOKING FOR CHIMPANZEES.
ILDEPHONSE HAS GONE OFF WITH THE TRACKERS TO LOOK FOR THEM.
WE HAVE SEEN SOME OTHER MONKEYS.
WE SAW A MOUNTAIN MONKEY AND A MONA MONKEY, AND YOU HEAR BIRD SOUND, BUTTERFLIES, AND OTHER INTERESTING CREATURES.
[BARKS] IT'S AN OLIVE BABOON, AND THERE HE IS.
THERE'S THE LEADER, AND AS YOU CAN SEE, ON THE PATH IS THE REST OF THE TROOP, ALL AGES FROM THE LITTLE BABIES TO A LOT OF FEMALES I'M SURE.
THIS ONE IS SHAKING THE LEAF AT US.
THEY'RE TRYING TO SCARE US AWAY I CAN SEE.
HE'S GRIMACING, TOO.
I'VE BEEN TOLD DON'T SHOW TEETH BACK BECAUSE THEY CAN GET ANGRY WITH THAT.
NOW THEY'RE GONNA GO UP INTO THE WOODS.
THEY'LL GET AROUND US ONE WAY OR THE OTHER.
[BARKS] THE WILD CHIMPANZEES OF NYUNGWE ARE JUST THAT, WILD, AND WHETHER YOU SEE THEM OR NOT IS OFTEN A MATTER OF CHANCE, YET I'M LUCKY TO BE ABLE TO TREK IN A NATIONAL PARK WHOSE FOREST, ANIMALS, AND HUMAN NEIGHBORS WERE NOT LONG AGO IN DANGER OF ANNIHILATION DURING A BLOODY WAR AND MASSACRE FUELED BY ETHNIC HATRED.
SINCE THE 1994 GENOCIDE, THE RWANDAN GOVERNMENT HAS WORKED TO HEAL THE DIVISIONS THAT CREATED THE HORRORS THAT KILLED MORE THAN A MILLION PEOPLE IN A HUNDRED DAYS.
THEY HAVE INSTITUTED UMUGANDA, WHICH MEANS COMMUNITY WORK, A MONTHLY NATIONAL DAY OF SERVICE.
LOCAL VILLAGERS EMBRACE PROJECTS THAT FOSTER UNITY AND HELP ERADICATE THE IDEOLOGY OF GENOCIDE.
TOURISM IS ALSO PLAYING AN IMPORTANT PART IN THE RECONSTRUCTION PLAN.
SELECT HOTELS, TOUR COMPANIES, AND ATTRACTIONS, INCLUDING THE NATIONAL PARKS, ARE SHARING THEIR PROFITS WITH LOCAL COMMUNITIES.
WHETHER IT'S THE CANOPY WALKWAY, WHICH ALLOWS NYUNGWE'S GUESTS TO HAVE AN EYE-TO-EYE ENCOUNTER WITH NATURE, FEES COLLECTED FROM VISITORS TO THE PARKS, OR LOCAL CULTURAL PRESENTATIONS, TOURISM IS BENEFITING THE COUNTRY IN MANY WAYS.
I TAKE IN THE FESTIVITIES AT THE NEARBY BANDA CULTURAL VILLAGE.
>> [SINGING IN NATIVE LANGUAGE] >> AFTER JOINING IN THE WELCOMING DANCE, WE SHARE IN THE PRESENTATION OF THE RITUALS ASSOCIATED WITH THEIR TRADITIONAL MARRIAGE.
THE FUN BEGINS WHEN THE MAN'S FAMILY AND FRIENDS ACCOMPANY HIM TO A PREARRANGED VISIT TO THE GIRL'S VILLAGE AND A HEART TO HEART WITH HER FAMILY.
TO EASE THE PAIN OF THE MEETING, THE PROSPECTIVE HUSBAND BRINGS A LARGE CONTAINER FILLED WITH BANANA BEER.
THE GIRL'S FATHER QUESTIONS HIM AND CASTS ASPERSIONS ON HIS CHARACTER WHILE ON THE OTHER HAND HIS ENTOURAGE FENDS OFF THE ACCUSATIONS AS SLANDEROUS LIES AND DO THEIR BEST TO SPIT-SHINE THE GROOM'S IMAGE.
>> [SINGING IN NATIVE LANGUAGE] >> AFTER MUCH DEBATE AND BANANA BEER, THEY AGREE IT'S A MATCH.
>> [SPEAKING NATIVE LANGUAGE] >> DAYS LATER, THE BRIDE IN JOYOUS PROCESSION WITH HER VILLAGERS ENTERS THE MAN'S VILLAGE AMID GLORIOUS DECLARATIONS OF HER FINE GRACES.
COME ON.
JOIN THE FAMILY HERE.
>> YES.
>> HIDDEN IN HER WOVEN WEDDING MAT, SHE MAKES HER WAY TO THE GROOM'S ABODE, WHERE SHE IS REVEALED IN ALL HER SPLENDOR, AND WITHOUT FURTHER ADO, HE TAKES HER INTO THEIR NEW HOME.
>> HE'S NOW HAVING A SPEECH SAYING THAT THEY ARE GOING TO SHARE SOME FOOD.
>> WHAT FOLLOWS IS AN ABUNDANCE OF FOOD, DRINK, MUSIC, AND GOODWILL TOWARDS ALL, INCLUDING THOSE LIKE US, WHO ARE INVITED INTO THE FAMILY CIRCLE.
>> [SINGING IN NATIVE LANGUAGE] >> [SPEAKING NATIVE LANGUAGE] >> MMM.
AHH.
>> THANK YOU.
YEAH.
NOW WE ARE PART OF THE FAMILY.
>> NOW WE'RE A MEMBER OF THE FAMILY.
YEAH.
[SINGING CONTINUES] IT IS IMPOSSIBLE TO TRAVEL TO RWANDA AND NOT ACKNOWLEDGE ITS HISTORY, AND ITS RECENT HISTORY IS CENTERED ON THE 1994 GENOCIDE.
THERE ARE CLOSE TO 500 GENOCIDE MEMORIALS SCATTERED THROUGHOUT RWANDA, LIKE THIS ONE ADJACENT TO NYUNGWE FOREST NATIONAL PARK.
NO PART OF RWANDAN SOCIETY SUFFERED MORE IN THE GENOCIDE THAN THE BATWA PEOPLE, RWANDA'S MINORITY ETHNIC GROUP WITH 1% OF THE POPULATION.
WHILE 10% OF RWANDANS DIED DURING THE GENOCIDE, 30% OF THE BATWA PEOPLE WERE MURDERED DURING ETHNIC CLEANSING.
IN ADDITION, THE GOVERNMENT HAS REMOVED THE BATWA PEOPLE FROM THE FOREST AND ESTABLISHED THEM IN VILLAGES OUTSIDE THE NATIONAL PARK IN ORDER TO REEDUCATE THEM TO A NEW WAY OF LIFE THAT THEY HOPE WILL ULTIMATELY PROTECT THE PARK, PRESERVE THE ANIMALS, AND SUSTAIN THE BATWA.
WHAT'S THE NAME OF THIS VILLAGE?
WHAT KIND OF THINGS DO THEY GROW HERE?
>> CORNS, BEANS.
BANANAS YOU CAN SEE.
>> DO THEY HAVE ANY ANIMALS?
>> [SPEAKS NATIVE LANGUAGE] >> [SPEAKS NATIVE LANGUAGE] >> THEY HAVE PIGS, GOATS, THEY HAVE COWS.
>> SINCE THEY CAN'T MAKE A LIVING OFF THE FOREST ANYMORE, WHAT DO THEY DO NOW?
>> YEAH.
THEY MAKE POTS THAT THEY SELL OF COURSE.
>> WELL, LET'S GO LOOK AT SOME OF THE POTTERY MAYBE.
>> YEAH.
>> SHE'S MAKING A TRADITIONAL COIL POT, TAKING DIFFERENT COILS AND MAKING IT BIGGER AND BIGGER AND THEN SHAPING IT, AND THIS LADY OVER HERE, WHAT IS SHE DOING?
>> SHE WANTS TO SHAPE IT.
THAT'S WHY SHE'S USING THIS OLD BONE, THIS COW BONE SO THAT SHE CAN HAVE A GOOD SHAPE OF THE POT.
>> SO 50 YEARS AGO, THEY WERE ASKED TO LEAVE THE FOREST AND COME HERE TO THIS VILLAGE.
WHY WERE THEY ASKED TO LEAVE?
>> ACTUALLY WHEN THEY WERE LIVING IN THE FOREST, THEY WERE KILLING ANIMALS, THEY WERE CUTTING DOWN TREES.
WE WANTED THEM TO GO OUT.
THEN WE HAVE A SOUND CONSERVATION.
>> SO OVER 50 YEARS, THEY HAVE NOW BECOME ACCLIMATIZED TO LIVING HERE AND FIGURING OUT OTHER WAYS TO SURVIVE BEYOND TAKING ADVANTAGE OF THE FOREST.
DO THEY BENEFIT FROM THE TOURISM TO THE PARK NOW?
>> 5% OF TOURISM REVENUES GOES TO THE COMMUNITY.
>> THANK YOU FOR BRINGING US HERE AND EXPLAINING HOW THIS ALL WORKS.
>> YOU'RE WELCOME.
>> MURAKOZI.
SINCE THE BATWA VILLAGE IS ADJACENT TO THE NATIONAL PARK, WE DECIDE TO ENTER THE FOREST AGAIN.
WHEN IT COMES TO SIGHTING CHIMPANZEES IF AT FIRST YOU DON'T SUCCEED, PERSEVERANCE IS A VIRTUE WORTH HAVING.
BESIDES THE CHIMPANZEES, ANOTHER NICE REASON TO WALK THROUGH THE PARK IS ALL THE BEAUTIFUL TREES.
WHAT IS THIS ONE HERE?
>> YEAH.
THIS IS A CANOPY TREE CALLED NEWTONIA BUCHANANII, AND THESE BUTTRESSES YOU CAN SEE HERE, CHIMPANZEES USE THEM FOR COMMUNICATION.
>> OH, REALLY?
>> YEAH.
THEY BEAT THEM, THEY BRUSH LIKE THIS, AND USE THEIR FEET TO COMMUNICATE.
IT'S A KIND OF DRUM, AND THEN OTHERS CAN HEAR THAT THEY'RE HERE.
>> YEAH.
SO IT IS KIND OF A DRUM.
MY MESSAGE SENT FROM THIS NATURAL KALINGA, RWANDANS' SACRED DRUM, REACHES THE INTENDED PARTY.
AS WE CONTINUE DOWN THE TRAIL, A CHIMPANZEE CALLS FROM HIGH IN THE TREES.
A CHIMPANZEE?
>> YES.
>> OK. HOW MANY ARE THERE?
>> THERE ARE TWO.
ONE IS DOWN, THE OTHER ONE OUT.
>> SO ONE IS DOWN ON THE GROUND?
>> YEAH.
>> I DON'T SEE THAT ONE, BUT I SEE THE ONE IN THE TREE.
>> YEAH.
THAT'S A MALE.
>> HE'S JUST HANGING THERE.
>> YEAH.
HE'S EATING FRUITS.
>> WOW.
>> YEAH.
THEY NESTED HERE LAST NIGHT, AND THEY WILL MAKE OTHER NESTS IN OTHER PLACES.
>> SO THEY CONSTANTLY ARE MOVING.
>> MOVE DEPENDING ON THE FOOD.
>> LOOKS LIKE HE'S GONNA START COMING DOWN THE TRUNK... TO MEET UP WITH THE OTHER ONE.
OH, IT'S GREAT.
YOU CAN REALLY SEE HIM WELL.
HOW OLD WOULD HE BE?
>> THAT'S 28, 29.
>> REALLY?
>> YES.
>> HOW LONG DO THEY LIVE?
>> THEY LIVE UP TO 40, 50 YEARS.
>> REALLY?
>> YES.
>> DO THEY HAVE A MAIN LEADER?
>> YEAH, THE ALPHA MALE.
THE ALPHA MALE IS THE LEADER OF THE GROUP.
>> SO HE'S LEADING THE GROUP.
DO WE NEED TO WAIT FOR THE TRACKERS TO TELL US WHERE THE OTHER ONES ARE?
>> YEAH.
WAIT FOR THEM.
THEY'LL TELL US.
>> HE'S ALREADY DOWN.
WOW.
>> [SPEAKING NATIVE LANGUAGE] >> [SPEAKING NATIVE LANGUAGE] >> WE HAVE SOME CHIMPANZEES HERE?
>> YES.
>> LET'S SEE.
WHERE ARE THEY?
>> THOSE ARE CHIMPANZEES THERE.
>> UH-HUH.
>> THOSE CHIMPANZEES ARE GROOMING.
THE FIRST ONE CALLED CHITOCHI.
>> CHITOCHI?
>> YEAH.
THE SECOND CALLED MUZATI.
>> MUZATI.
HOW CAN YOU TELL?
>> WE NAMED THAT ONE CHITOCHI BECAUSE THEY MISS THIS ONE.
>> OH, HE'S MISSING A FINGER?
>> YEAH, A FINGER.
>> OH, OK. AND THE OTHER ONE?
>> THE OTHER ONE BECAUSE THE HAIR ON IT IS LIKE THIS.
>> OH, IT'S SPLIT IN THE MIDDLE?
>> YEAH.
>> AND YOU CAN RECOGNIZE THEM FROM HERE?
THAT'S EXTRAORDINARY.
SO YOU'RE NOT LOOKING FOR TRACKS IN THE GROUND OR BROKEN TREES OR ANYTHING.
YOU CAN HEAR THEM.
THEY MAKE A NOISE.
>> YES.
>> SO THESE TWO ARE OFF BY THEMSELVES.
WHERE ARE THE REST OF THE CHIMPANZEES?
[CHIMPANZEES CALLING] THEY MUST BE OVER THERE BECAUSE, AS YOU SAY, YOU HEAR THEM, YOU GO FIND THEM.
LET'S GO.
>> OK. [CRACK] >> HEAR THAT?
THAT'S A CHIMPANZEE RIGHT UP ABOVE, THROWING FRUIT DOWN ON US.
I DON'T KNOW IF HE CARES THAT WE'RE DOWN HERE, BUT AT LEAST THAT'S WHAT'S HAPPENING.
I JUST GOT WHACKED BY ONE OF HIS MISSILES.
[HOOTING] BASICALLY WE'RE TOLD THAT WHAT HE'S SAYING IS "I'M HERE.
WHERE ARE YOU?"
YOU KNOW, "COME OVER HERE.
IT'S A LOT MORE FUN.
THERE ARE THESE STRANGE HUMANS DOWN BELOW ME I CAN THROW THINGS AT."
I THINK THERE'S ONE IN BETWEEN THE FORK OF THIS TREE RIGHT HERE.
YEAH.
RIGHT THERE.
WELL, WE FOUND THE REST OF THEM.
MOSTLY ALL FEMALES HERE?
>> YEAH.
ALL FEMALES.
>> WE'RE HERE IN NOVEMBER.
WOULD THEY ACT DIFFERENTLY AT DIFFERENT TIMES OF THE YEAR?
>> THE FOOD IS COMING NOW.
THEN CHIMPANZEES WILL BE AVAILABLE ALL TOGETHER.
>> ALL HERE.
THEY KIND OF CONGREGATE AROUND WHERE THE FOOD IS.
WHAT HAPPENS IN THE DRY SEASON?
>> IN THE DRY SEASON, WE DON'T HAVE ENOUGH FOOD.
THAT'S THE PROBLEM, AND CHIMPANZEES MOVE FAST.
>> AND MOVE FASTER, SO IT'S HARD TO KEEP UP WITH THEM.
SO THIS IS A GOOD TIME OF YEAR TO COME IF YOU WANT TO SEE CHIMPANZEES.
>> YES.
IT'S A GOOD SEASON.
>> HOW MANY OF THEM ARE THERE IN THE NATIONAL PARK?
>> ALL OF THEM, UP TO 500 IN THE NATIONAL PARK.
>> IS THAT A GOOD HEALTHY POPULATION, OR ARE THEY ENDANGERED?
>> ACTUALLY, CHIMPANZEES ARE ENDANGERED.
>> IT'S NOT EASY TO SEE THEM WHEN THEY'RE HABITUATED.
>> NO.
>> YOU HAVE TO CHASE AFTER THEM.
>> HEH HEH.
>> NOW WHAT IS THEIR RELATIONSHIP WITH THE OTHER MONKEYS IN THE FOREST?
DO THEY GET ALONG?
>> ACTUALLY NOT ALL MONKEYS IN THE FOREST.
ONLY MONA MONKEYS, BLUE MONKEYS, AND THE MOUNTAIN MONKEY, BUT FOR COLOBUS MONKEYS, THEY DON'T LIVE TOGETHER.
THEY FEED ON THEM.
>> THEY EAT THE COLOBUS MONKEYS?
>> THEY EAT THEM.
>> I DIDN'T KNOW THEY WERE CARNIVORES.
>> NO.
THEY'RE OMNIVORES.
THEY EAT EVERYTHING.
>> THEY EAT EVERYTHING INCLUDING OTHER MONKEYS.
WELL, THEY SURVIVE, AND THAT'S THE MAIN THING.
[WHOOPING] MURAKOZI.
THANK YOU FOR JOINING ME ON MY RWANDAN ADVENTURE.
RWANDA IS A DEVELOPING COUNTRY.
THEY'RE DEVELOPING THEIR TOURISM INDUSTRY, THEIR INFRASTRUCTURE, THEIR MANMADE AND NATURAL ATTRACTIONS, AND MOST IMPORTANTLY THEIR NATIONAL IDENTITY.
FROM COLONIAL DAYS OF ETHNIC CLASSIFICATION AND CATEGORIZATION THAT CULMINATED IN 1994 IN GENOCIDE, RWANDANS HAVE EMERGED DEDICATED TO CREATING A COUNTRY FOR ALL.
IN THIS SPIRIT, WHILE NYUNGWE AND RWANDA'S OTHER NATIONAL PARKS PROTECT SOME OF AFRICA'S MOST MAGNIFICENT AND MOST ENDANGERED WILDLIFE AND HABITAT, A SHARE OF THE TOURISM REVENUES GENERATED BY THE PARKS IS DEVOTED TO THE COMMUNITIES THAT SURROUND THEM.
IT'S EXCITING TRAVELING IN A DEVELOPING COUNTRY BECAUSE THEY ARE JUST THAT, DEVELOPING.
INSTEAD OF FOCUSING ON MAINTAINING THE STATUS QUO, THEY'RE READY FOR NEW IDEAS AND OPPORTUNITIES TO TAKE ROOT.
THERE ARE MANY LESSONS THE SO-CALLED FIRST WORLD COULD LEARN FROM THE SO-CALLED THIRD WORLD.
ONE OF THEM IS THAT WE GROW THROUGH PAIN OR REVELATION.
RWANDANS HAVE GONE THROUGH THE PAIN, THE DIVISION AND REALIZED THAT TOGETHER THEY ACCOMPLISH MORE THAN APART.
UNTIL NEXT TIME, THIS IS JOSEPH ROSENDO REMINDING YOU OF THE WORDS OF MARK TWAIN--"TRAVEL IS FATAL TO PREJUDICE, BIGOTRY, AND NARROW-MINDEDNESS."
HAPPY TRAVELING.
>> "TRAVELSCOPE" IS MADE POSSIBLE BY DK "EYEWITNESS" TRAVEL GUIDES.
DK CITY, COUNTRY, AND DRIVING GUIDES FEATURE EVOCATIVE PHOTOS, 3-D MAPPING, AND ILLUSTRATIONS FOR KEY SITES AND TRAVEL ITINERARIES.
DK "EYEWITNESS" TRAVEL GUIDES, THE GUIDES THAT SHOW YOU WHAT OTHERS ONLY TELL YOU.
AND ROSETTA STONE, CHANGING THE WAY THE WORLD LEARNS LANGUAGES.
FOR A DVD OF TODAY'S SHOW OR ANY OF JOSEPH'S "TRAVELSCOPE" ADVENTURES, CALL 888-876-3399 OR ORDER ONLINE AT TRAVELSCOPE.NET.
YOU CAN ALSO E-MAIL US AT TV@TRAVELSCOPE.NET OR WRITE US AT THE ADDRESS ON YOUR SCREEN.
>> NOW THAT WE'VE ENCOUNTERED RWANDA'S WILDLIFE TOGETHER, LEARN MORE AT TRAVELSCOPE.NET, WHERE YOU CAN FOLLOW MY ADVENTURES THROUGH MY E-MAGAZINE, BLOG, AND PODCAST.
KEEP IN TOUCH--888-876-3399 OR TV@TRAVELSCOPE.NET.
>> [SINGING IN NATIVE LANGUAGE] [CAPTIONING MADE POSSIBLE BY FRIENDS OF NCI] [CAPTIONED BY THE NATIONAL CAPTIONING INSTITUTE --www.ncicap.org--] >> TED WANTS TO TRY.
>> AHH.
>> [SPEAKING NATIVE LANGUAGE] >> MMM.
GOOD.
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